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Ukukhetha okufanele umshini Wokugaya Obandayo yilungisele kwezinkimbinkimbi eziningi kakhulu okumelwe kwenza umsebenzisi wokuphakama kwezindawo. Indiza yemilinga yamaphakathi iyathuthukisa ubukhulu bekuphakama, ukulawula imali, nokukhula kokususa izindawo zokuphakama. Ukukhetha okungafanele kungabangela ukungasebenzi kwendiza, ukubuyisela okungafanele kwezinto ezingenalo, nokuphakama kwezimali okukhula kwezindlela zokusebenza zakho zonke.
Ukuzwisisa indlela yokubheka indiza yemilinga yamaphakathi kufuneka ube nolwazi lwesikhundla sakho, izimo zendawo, nezidingo zokusebenza. Le gujida ibuyisela kule ndlela eyodwa ekubhekene nezinkinga ezifanele ukubhekana nezinkinga zokuphakama kwezindawo. Ngekuphela, uza kubona isimo esihle sokubhekana nezinhlobo zezinto futhi ukwenza ukhetho oluhle lokuthenga.
Ukufunda Amagcinde Yokuqala Kwesayithi Lako
Ukubheka izinkinga zokuphakama nokubhala
Isicelo sesibili sokukhetha imishini yokuphatha amasiko ayisikhathi esihlwa kuyizidingo zokuphatha ubude nobubanzi bezinto ozofaka. Izindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ziyathatha izindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphatha. Ukuphatha okusha kwesibhakabhaka singabangela ukuthi kuphathwe kuphela ama-25mm, ngakho-ke ukuphatha okugcwele kwesibhakabhaka kungabangela ukuthi kuphathwe ama-100mm noma kubude kangako. Izincazelo zemishini yakho yokuphatha amasiko ayisikhathi esihlwa kufanele zihambisane ngokuphelele nalezizidingo. Ukuphatha okubude kangako kuyagcina isifueli futhi kuyakhula ukuphatha kwezinye izinqumo, ngakho-ke ukuphatha okuncane kangako kuyabangela ukuthi kwenziwe izikhathi eziningi futhi kuyadlula isikhathi sokusebenza.
Izincazelo zobubanzi ziyisibonelo esifanayo xa kuyakhethwa imishini yokuphatha amasiko ayisikhathi esihlwa. Izimodeli eziphathelene ngezincwadi ziyaphatha ububanzi obuhamba kusuka ku-1.0 meters kuya ku-3.5 meters. Umshini wokuphatha amasiko ayisikhathi esihlwa ongenalobubanzi olufanele uyabangela ukuthi kwenziwe izikhathi eziningi phezu kwebhakabhaka yoyikhalasi, kuyakhula ukuthenga isifueli futhi izindleko zomsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umshini wokuphatha amasiko ayisikhathi esihlwa owenobubanzi obubhili kunezincazelo zakho zokusebenza kuyayisibonelo esingafanele futhi kuyadinga ukuthi kwenziwe izikhathi eziningi ekhetheni izindawo ezincane zokusebenza.
Ukuqondisa I-Volume Yokubhala Ne-Production Rate
I-Production Capacity iyadetermina ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi esincane umshini wakho wokukhupha amashele ayakuyisebenzisa indawo yomkhosi. Bala i-total area eyakuyikhuphwa futhi bala i-required production rate ngama-square meters per hour. I-performance rating yomshini wakho wokukhupha amashele kufanele ikhululekile ukuphikisana naleli benchmark ukuze ubuyele ku-schedule. Umshini wokukhupha amashele osebenzisa i-mid-range uyaproduc 150–300 ama-square meters per hour ngezimo eziphelele, kodwa lokhu kuhlukahluka ngokwezinkampani zamashele, i-aggregate composition, kanye ne-ambient temperature.
I-Material recovery yindlela engenye yokubhala i-production eyalungiselela ukukhetha umshini wakho wokukhupha amashele. Uma iprojekthi yakho iyadinga ukuthi i-recycled asphalt material ibe yisiphephelo sokusebenzisa kabusha, qinisa ukuthi umshini wakho wokukhupha amashele unemisiko we-conveyor system ne-screen efanele. Amashini amaningi wokukhupha amashele aqondisana ne-material handling, okunye akudingi ukuthi yisifundo esifanayo, okuyakhula kakhulu i-total equipment cost kanye ne-site logistics.
Izisombululo Zokugcina Isibonelo Sokuthi Sizobuchaza
Ukuhlanza Kwemoto Ne-ukuthula Kwe-fuel
Ukuhlanza kwemoto kuhambisana ngokuphelele nesiforce sokubhaca esikwenzekayo yomkhumbi wokubhaca okuselaphakade. Umkhumbi wokubhaca owaneleyo ukubhaca amasphalt amakhulu kufuna ukubhaca kahle kanye nokubhala isikhathi esihle ekupheleni kwezinto ezingafani. Kodwa, ukuzisa kwe-horsepower kufuna ukuvuselela ukuthula kwe-fuel kanye nezindlela zokusebenza. Ukuchaza umkhumbi wokubhaca kufuneka kubhekise isibonelo sokuhlanza kanye nokuthula kwe-fuel ukuze kube lula ukuthola izindlela zokusebenza ngokuphelele.
Ukuthula kwe-fuel kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezimodeli zamakhumbi wokubhaca ezifanayo ngokukhulu. Izimodeli ezintsha zamakhumbi wokubhaca ziyasebenzisa izinkampani zemoto ezinamandla okuvuselela ukuthula kwe-fuel kanye nokuthintela ngokuzenzakale isiforce sokubhaca ngokulingana nesiforce sokuthinta kwezinto. Lezi zinhlobo ziyathinta ukuthula kwe-fuel ngama-15–25 percent ngokuphela kwezindlela zokusebenza. Uma kubhekiswa iziquketho zamakhumbi wokubhaca, kufuneka kubhekiswe ukuthula kwe-fuel ngokuphela kwezindlela zokubhaca kuleziquketho, akukho inani lokuthenga kuphela.
Uhlo lwe-Drum nokugcina kwezinkambo zokukhupha
I-Drum yokukhupha yisiphumo esikhundleni sokukhupha kwamanzi yonke imishini yokukhupha. Ukugcina kwe-Drum kuyadetermina ukuthi ingakhuphi kanjani imithombo, ubude bokusebenza kwamathooli, nokubaluleka kwezinhlobo zemithombo ekhuphwa khona. Imishini yokukhupha yonke eyenziwe ngokugcina kwe-Drum engezansi iyasebenza kahle kwe-asphalt engafushane, ngakho-ke i-Drum engephezulu iyasebenza kwezindawo ezingaqashwayo nezilungile. Imishini yakho yokukhupha kufanele ibe yisibonelo sezindawo zokusebenza zomphakathi wakho.
Ukuphakanyiswa kwezinto zokusebenza kwi-drum kubangela ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-cutting nokuhlela kwesilinganiso sesithuthi sokumshayela. Ukusakaza kwezinto zokusebenza ngokugcwele kwi-cold milling machine kwenza ukuthi isithuthi sibe mncane futhi ukusebenza kwe-cutting kube mhlwemphilo, kodwa kufuna ukuguqula izinto zokusebenza ngokusheshayo. Ngaphakathi, ukusakaza kwezinto zokusebenza ngokude kwi-cold milling machine kwenza ukuthi isithuthi sibe khulu futhi kusisa ubunzima bezinto zokusebenza, kodwa kungalibeki amaphuzu okukhona emkhawini okufanele akwenzekwe ukucleansa ngaphezu. Bheka imizimba yakho yokubuyisela ku-raw material nezindlela zokuhlela emkhawini phambi kokuthi uyathola isithuthi sokusebenza kwi-cold milling machine.
Ukuthuthukisa nokusakaza kwe-hydraulic
Uhlo lwesikhundla—lwe-mechanical, lwe-hydrostatic, noma lwe-hybrid—lukhangelwa kakhulu indlela okwenzayo umshini wokuphatha ukubuka ngokuthi yisiphi isikhundla sokubuka kanye nokuhlanganisa izinkomba zomsebenzi. Izikhundla zesikhundla se-hydrostatic emshinini wokuphatha ukubuka kusiza ekubeni ubukhulu bokuphatha kube mnyane futhi kusiza ekubeni ubukhulu bokuphatha kube mnyane kwezindawo eziningi, kodwa kuyasebenza ngokuphakeme kakhulu. Izikhundla zesikhundla se-mechanical emshinini wokuphatha ukubuka kusiza ekubeni izindlela zokusebenza zibe nzima, kodwa kufuneka umsebenzisi abe nomlando wokusebenza ukuze akwazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukene noma ukwenza izinto ezihlukene kwezinto.
Ukuqiniseka kwesistimu yamandla wezilwane kuyisidingo esifanayo nesibonelo sokusebenza kwezilwane zokukhupha emhlabathini. Ukuthintela okuhle, izivali zokuvalela ipresha ngokuphelele, nezinkumbulo ezikhulu zokugcina amandla kuzokwenza ukuthi izilwane zokukhupha emhlabathini zisebenze ngeminyaka yezinsuku ezingabi nazo imithwalo. Izilwane zokukhupha emhlabathini ezincinci zokufakwa kwezindaba zokubhala kuzoba nezinkinga zokuphakama kwezindawo zokusebenza kanye nokuphula phakathi komsebenzi, okuzokwenza ukuthi kubhekwe isikhundla sokubhala. Qiniseka ukuthi izilwane zokukhupha emhlabathini ozizilwa ziyasebenza ngokusebenza kwezilwane zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza ngokuphelele.
Izinkinga Zokusebenza Nezokubhedekela
Ukuthambeka nokulawula ukuthambeka
Izinkinga zokugeometry yendawo nezinkinga zokulawula ukudlula kuzokuthi yini okufanele kube ngokuphambuka kwakho yemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni. Amaphuzu amancane, amagugu amadala, nemiphumela yezindawo zokugcina kuzokuthi yini okufanele kube ngomkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni ongakhathali kakhulu nokubheka phambili ngokushesha. Umkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni owodwa ukusebenza kwezindawo eziphansi kungabhekise kakhulu kwezindawo zasezwe noma kwezindawo ezincane zokuvikela. Khuphisa umkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni owahlukile kulezi zindawo zokusebenza futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kuyinto efanele kulezi zindawo zokusebenza ngaphambi kokugcina izigame lebuyela noma lezilayisheni.
Ukubheka i-grade yisidingo esinye sokubheka ukubheka umkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni. Umkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni kufanele akhangele isimo sokukhupha ngokuphelele nokubheka phambili ngokuphelele xa kubheka i-grades ezingama-8–10 percent noma ezingaphezulu kwalokho. Ukusebenza okubi kwe-grade kumkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni kusika ukususa kwamathambo, ukususa okungafanele kwezinkambo, nokufatshwa kwomsebenzisi ngokubheka phambili okuphelele. Qinisekisa njalo ukuthi umkhuphi wemashini yokukhupha emhlanweni uyasebenza ngokuphelele kwezidingo zokugcina zokusebenza kwendawo yakho.
Ukufinyelela kwezindlela zokusebenza nokutholakala kwamapharti
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesikhathi ngokuphatha kwezindawo zokubhala kuyisilingo esikhulu. Khetha imishini yokuqondisa eyodwa ngezindlela zokusebenza ezifinyelelwayo nezinhlangano zokuthengisa amapharti okubuyiselwa ezingcono ekhaya lami. Imishini yokuqondisa eyodwa enezindlela zokusebenza ezingafinyelelwayo noma amapharti angahlanjelwa ngeminyaka izobulawa isikhathi sokuphatha kwami. Qiniseka ukuthi inkampani yakho yokuthengiselwa noma umthengisi wamashini ayisikhangeli somishini yokuqondisa eyodwa futhi anabantu abaqinisekileyo bokusebenzisa imodeli yakho yomshini.
Izindlela zokugcina izithwashi ziyakhuthaza kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-milling machine yemvula. Amathuluzi amaningi we-milling machine ayavumela ukugcina izithwashi ngaphansi kweminithi e-30 ngezithwashi zesandla esinye, kodwa ezinye zidinga izithwashi zesandla esihlukile nezinsuku zokusebenza zezinsuku ezimbili. Izithwashi ezilahlekile zihlula ukusebenza kwe-milling machine yemvula, ngakho-ke ukugcina okusheshayo kwezithwashi kuyasebenza kakhulu. Sicela ubone i-manual yekhwalithi yokusebenzisa yomkhakha wakho we-milling machine yemvula futhi uhlalele ukuthi kubizwa ngaphansi kwemali yokusebenza.
Ukuphatha kwe-dust nokuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemvelo
Imithambo yezindaba zokuzimisa kuzoba nezinkinga zokugcina izinkunkuma emsebenzini wokuphatha. Indiza yokuqondisa eyenziwe ngokufanayo nesistimu yokugcina izinkunkuma ngamanzi isebenza ngokulungile kubona ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokulingana nemithambo yezindaba, futhi isihlombele amaphoyisa okunye nokubonwa kwezinye izinhlangano zokusebenza. Bheka ukuthi indiza yokuqondisa oyithanda ukuyifumana iyinikezwe ngokuzimisa izinkunkuma njengesiqhelo esibonakalayo noma kunezinkqubo eziningi ezidingekayo. Amakhodi amaningi ayezindiza zokuqondisa ayinika ukubona izinkunkuma ngokushesha, okusiza abasebenzi ukuba bahlale ngaphandle kwemithambo yezindaba ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezinkunkuma ezingaphezulu okwenza umsindo futhi kubeka ubuncinane bokuhlanganisa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Indiza yokuqondisa enkulu ngani engadingekayo kumsebenzi wokwakha indiza yezindaba?
Ukubhala kwe-highway kusuka kuma-30mm kuze kuma-50mm, okudinga imishini yokuqhubeka ngokushesha engenayo amandla, eyisikhiwe kwi-2.5–3.5 meter width class. Ukukhetha imishini yakho yokubhala kuyiphendula kwi-width yelane, isikhathi sesiprojekthi, nokuthi kufuneka ukubhala kubuyiselwe. Amaphrojekthi ase-state ayasho izindlela zokusebenza kwe-cold milling machine kwezindlela zokusebenza zabo; sicela uvumelanise lezi zindlela phambi kokukhetha imishini.
Ngingakwazi njani ukuthi imishini yokubhala kuyasebenza ngokuphelele kwezinkambo zokusebenza kwamanzi?
Ukusebenza ngokuphelele kwezinkambo zokusebenza kwamanzi kwe-cold milling machine kubhalwa ngalitara ngamahora emisebenzi noma ngalitara ngameter eshayishwe. Sicela uthole ulwazi lwamanzi olubhalwe ngokucacileyo kusuka kwe-supplier yakho wemishini ngomodeli wakho we-cold milling machine ngokuzimisa kwezimo zokusebenza eziningi. Imishini engezansi ezingavumelekile kufanele isebenza ngalitara 15–25 ngamahora; ukusebenza okuphakeme kusho ukuthi kukhona indlela yokusebenza engafanele kwe-hydraulic noma ukubhala kwe-drum okudinga ukusebenzisa kabusha phambi kokuthi kusebenze.
Ngikwazi ukuthengisa imashini yokukhupha emhlabathini engaphansi kwezinye ngokunqamuka kwezinye?
Ukuthengisa imashini yokukhupha emhlabathini engaphansi kwezinye kuyisibonelo sokufuna isibonelo esihle kuma-projekthi okuphansi kwezinye noma lapho uyakhupha imithombo yezinhlelo phambi kokuthenga. Imithetho yokuthengisa iyashicilela ukuziphatha kwezinhlelo zokusebenza nezinkxaliso zokugcina, okunciphisa ubulungiswa bakho bokusebenza. Uma kuneziprojekthi eziningi kanye nezinhlelo zokukhupha ezingaphezu kwezinye, ukuthenga imashini yokukhupha emhlabathini engaphansi kwezinye kuyasebenza kahle kusasa ngakolwesibili ngaphandle kokuthi kubhekisele kwezinhlelo zokuthenga. Qhathanisa umkhakha wakho wama-projekthi nokubhekisa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza uma uqondisa ukuthenga noma ukuthenga imashini yokukhupha emhlabathini engaphansi kwezinye.