EN
1. Ukutholwa Kwemibhobho
Izindiza nezinhlobo zokusebenza ngokoshatshi zidweswa kakhulu emithuthweni lezinyathelo nezinhlobo zezinye izindawo zokusebenza, ngezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlanjwa ukuthutha izidingo zokusebenzisa ezahlukene.
Lokhu kuthiwa ngemoto, imoto yemfuko emincane iyisembe. Inezindlela ezincane kakhulu zokulayisha futhi ngokuvumelelwe kusebenza kwezindlela ezimfutshane kudolobha, njengokuthunyelwa kwezinto zasemadolobheni futhi kwezinkampani ezincane. Imoto yemfuko ephezulu inezindlela zokulayisha ezinhle futhi ingasebenze ukuthunyelwa kwezinto phakathi kwezindawo. Isibonelo, ingasebenza ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zokudla kusendaweni yazo kwezinkhanda ezifanayo ezingu-urban. Imoto yemfuko ephakeme inezindlela zokulayisha ezikhulu kakhulu futhi ngokuvumelelwe kusebenza kwezindlela ezide. Inemigomo ebalulekile kudolo lelogistics kuthunyelweni kwezinto ezikhulu kwezindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Kune nezinhloso ezingaphezu zezinhloso zezinhloso zokusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, izinhloso zokulindela zinezinhloso zokulindela, njengokuthi zinezinkenke zamanzi nezinhloso zokubeka izindlela, futhi zisetshenziswa kuzindlela zokulinda. Zingase kufike kuzindawo zokulinda futhi zenze izenzo zokulinda. Izimbilini zokudla kakhulu zihlela ukulondoloza nokuthutha abadala nezimpilo. Zinezinhloso zokudla ezinhle kakhulu ngaphakathi kwemibili yabo ukuthenga isikhathi esibalweni sokulondoloza abapati. Kune nazo izinhloso zokulungiswa kwemigwa, oku kunezinhloso eziningi zokulungiswa kwemigwa futhi zinesikhatsi esibalweni kuzinto eziningi njengekulungiswa kwamadoti nekukhuphisa amandla. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhloso zokugcina kugcinwa kuzokugcina amathuba okugcina okuqondile ukuthutha kwezinto ezimbuyelekileyo, izicelo, njll. Ngokusho kwezinye, izinhloso zezinhloso nezinhloso zokusebenza kahle zinezinhloso zabo zokusebenza kahle futhi zenze isikhiphi esibalweni kuzinqubu eziningi.
2. Imiphakathi Yeqhuma
(1) Ukuqonda Okuphezulu
Kwemisebenzi yamandla, ukubaluleka kwezindiza nezinhloso eziphathelene nezimalayezo kuyadinga okuphezulu. Kungakhathaliseki uma izindiza ezine dhamu ezininzi ziyahamba ngemizuzwana ephakade noma izinhloso eziphathelene nezimalayezo ezihlala ziyathumela izimalayezo, zonke lezi zinto kudinga ukusebenza ngendlela ethulelwe nezibonelo. Sebenzisa izindiza ezine dhamu ezininzi njengomfano. Zinamathina amabi amahle nezinhloso zokuthumela amabiwe ngokweqile. Lezi zinhloso eziphambene nazo zingenziwe kuzo ukuthi zilungiselelwe kakhulu futhi zingakhathali kuzo ukusebenza ngendlela ethulelwe ngemva kwezikhathi ezide nezinhloso eziphambene nazo, oku kubambeza ukuthi kwehlise ukungabiwa kwayo futhi kuhlanze ukuthi izinto ziyakwenzelwa kuzo lokhu kufanele kwenzeke ngemva kwezikhathi ezifanayo.
Kwamaphurisi wokulwa phansi kwezinhloso eziyisisekelo, akukho indlela yokwenza amaphoyinti lapho kusebenzela. Isistimu sokudonga kwehlathibeni kanye nosuku lwemikhombisano yezinhlobo ziningi zokulwa phansi kunezimali eziphambene. Zikhuthazwe yizinhlobo eziningi zokuvavanya okuvumela ukuthi zisebenze ngokushesha futhi zisebenzise amandla emlonyeni futhi zilale isimo. Lokhu kuyafana nezokucindezela. Izingxenye eziphambene zomsebenzi womsebenzi wokunyakela kanye nosuku lwemikhombisano lunezimali ezifanayo ukuthi akukho maphoyinti ekubeni kusebenzela kwezimali kanye nezokulandela futhi zilale ukulandela nokulungisa izimo zokuphepha, ukuvumela abasebenzisi ukulungisa amagugu ngokuthula.
(2) Usuku Oluphambene
Ukuphumelela kwemoto nezinhloso eziphathelene nezinhloso kuyindlela enkulu. Kusukela kuhlobo lwesithwe sesihlahla, ngamanye amakhulu kwenziwe ngamagenge aphathekileyo, okunikeza ukuphepha kakhulu kanye nokuphepha kwezikhuthazelo futhi kungakhululeki ukuphikiswa okuthakazelisa ukuphikiswa okuthakazelisa ukulinganisa nokusebenza kwamaphepha amaningi. Isibonelo, izinhloso zokuxhumana nezimvano ngamanye amaxesha kufanele zisebenze kuzindawo zokuvulwa kwamaphepha noma kuzindawo zokuvula apho amaphepha awukhona. Ukuhla kwabo kwehlukene kakhulu kubonisa ukuthi kungakhululeki ukusebenza ngokuzenzekela emapheleni amaningi noma kuzikhuthazelo.
Kuma imoto, ubunzima beqondo, i-frame kunye nezinye iindlela ibandakanya ngqo kakhulu kwisebenzi kwaye kuzo zindleko zokusebenza kweyimoto. Iindlela eziphambene kakhulu zenzeke ukukhupha ukuchitha kunye nokulaya kweekhombo, i-frame yaye yenziwe ukugcinwa ngokuphezulu kwaye iindlela zokwanda. Nangona ukuba ubeka izinto eziphambene ngemva kalo kungekho into engaqhaliyo ukuba kudala okanye ukuchitha, okuqinisekisa ukuba iimoto inokusebenza ngemva kwaye ikhuphe izindleko zokuguqula ngokuphezulu, ukunika abasebenzisi iziphumo ezingcono ngemva kalo.
(3) Ubunzima obukhoyo
Kwesethetyo, izindiza nezinhlobo ezikhethekile zemoto zinezinhlelo nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile. Iziphumphiwa zinhlelwe ngemisebenzi yokumisa izinhlobo, njengokwesiko lomisa ukumisa (ABS) nezinhlobo zokumisa ukuqondisa (EBD). Lezi zokwelapha ukumisa izinhlobo ukuba kungcinwe ngokushesha, ukulungisa ukumisa kwehlobo, ukuthola amathimba njengokuthambiswa kanye nokungasebenzi kwehlobo. Nangempela, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindiza eziphumelelwa kuzo ukulungisa isethetyo sabasebenzisi nezinkundla lapho kuthambiswa.
Izinhloso eziyisithuthi zisebenza ngokuhlonipha ubuhle. Xa umphindamhlophe ojaya kusikoleni ngokohlelwa ngokukhulu, izinhloso zokubika kuye ziyakhiwe kakhulu, futhi izilampu zokubika nezicathuzela zingakumbisa izinhloso ezingadonsayo ukuba zingavutelwe. Ngaphezulu, izifansi zokuphepha abasebenzisa kakhulu ziyakhiwe kahle ngaphakathi kwenhloso, zihlinza ubuhle babaquliwa kumaphindamhlophe. Imanhloso yokubambisa amahhovisi nezifansi zokuphepha abantu abathile ngaphakathi kwenhloso iyakunquma ukuba abantu abathile noma abaquliwa bangeke baphansi kwehlukahluka lapho inhloso ijikeleza. Isistimu sokuxhumana ngaphakathi kwenhloso nayo iyakuxhumana nehospitali ngokushesha ukuhlinza ukubuyelela futhu ukuphepha kwezokuphepha.
(4) Ukuphelelwa kahle
Ukuba kungaba ngemthwalo futhi abasebenzisa noma abathakatha kungase kusebenza noma kuhamba ngemoto kudala, izindiza nezinhlobo zezinhlobo eziyisisekelo kumele kubhekisele kwehleke kahle. Icab yenkampani yezindiza iyaphelukelwa kahle. Izinkinobho zinezinkinobho eziyisisekelo kanye nezifiso zokulungisa ngokuvunyelwe, okungaba kuthulaselwa kahle ukugcina kwezindiza ezasebenzisa kudala. Isisitemu sokushusha emoto iyanele ukushusha nokwanda kwezulu, ukudala umhlahlandlela wokulula. Futhi kumele kwenziwe ukulinganisa kanye nokuthula komkhukho ukuze kuthathelwe kancinci ukungqokelwa kwezinye izimpakathi, ukuvumela abasebenzisa ukuthi balele kahle emsebenzini.
Kwembindini phakathi kwezinhlosoyo eziqeshiwe, ukwenza abasebele abaphoyisa ububi bokugcina abadala nezilali ngokulungileyo kugcineni, isikhala sangaphakathi sisetshenziswa ngokulungileyo futhu kungenzeka ukusebenzela. Ngenxa efanise, kuyakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukholwa komsebele wokugcina ukuze abahluleke kakhulu lapho baphinda bahlala baphinde bahlala. Isikhala sokuphuma sevathu yemvula libonisa ukholwa olungileyo, ukuvumela abasebele bemvula ukuba nezimoya eziphumelelayo lapho baphuma emnyakeni wemvula ukuze bakhansela ngokushesha kumsebenzi wokugcina nemvula.
3. Imithi yokudala iprodukthi
Imicaba yokwenza amatrukani namathiyeli aphambene nezinhloso yayo yindlela ephambene nezinhloso. Okokuqala, kumphase yokudizaynisa, ibhokisi lokusebenzela lizophatha ukudizaynisa ngokuhle ngokwesicelo nokuthula kweyohlu. I-software yoku-CAD (Computer-Aided Design) yophekiswa ukuhlela umkhiqizo wokungenhla, ukucaciswa komphakathi nokuthi kwezinye izinto ukuze ikhankanye ithulile kakhulu ngokuhlanganisa nokuthula.
Okulandela yilapho kutholwa izinto. Abathengi abakhubazekileyo abathengisa izinto ezinhle kakhulu, njengokwenziwa kwezinhloso, izinhloso zokuxhumana, izinhloso zokugcina fakela noma yiziphi izinto zokukhiqiza. Kukhawulezwa kakhulu ukubona kwezinto ezitholwe, futhi kuphela izinto ezifanelekileyo okungu-qualified angena kwi-indiza yokukhiqiza.
Kwaleli faza lokuhlanganisa. Kuzo zinhlosofana zokuhlanganisa ezinhle, abasebenzi bakuhlanganisa izinhlqa ngendlela ethothekile ngokwemvelo yemigomo. Izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezinhle nezifakwa ezibalulekileyo kuzosetshenziswa ngelinye indawo ukuthiwa ukuthola kanye nokulinganisa kwehlanganisa. Izinga lokulingana kuzokhishwa ngemva kwesinye isinye sokuhlanganisa.
Ekugcineni, kukhona faza lokulungisa kanye netshintsho lezinhlosofana. Ivezile ezihlanganiselwe kufanele zilandele uhlelo olubalulekile lwezivivinyo, kubandakanya izivivinyo zokusebenza, izivivinyo zokuphepha, izivivinyo zokuxhumana nangaphezulu. Izinkinga eziqoqwe kuzolungiswa kanye nezilungisa ngokushesha. Uma kube zonke izindlela zifinyelela kuzo, izinhlosofana angaba yimali ekuhlaleni kwezinhlosofana futhi zithunyelwe kubathengi ukusetshenziswa.
