EN
1. Ukutholwa Kwemibhobho
Izinhloso zoku hlwa zisetshenziswa ngokubaluleka futhi ngokubaluleka ngeminye imikorokoto, noma kunani uhlobo olunye lwezinhloso ozokwazi ukuvumela izidingo zoku hlwa ngokuhlinzekana nezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene.
Imimoya yokuqina ephathekileyo iqhubeke imimoya eqina ezingenakho umoya. Le ndawo zingaphantsi kakhulu, zenziwe ngokulula futhi zikhawulezwa ngokulula, ngokuvumelekileyo kufanele kusetshenziswa kumaqondana amancane ookuqina akudingi ukuphelele kakhulu, njengokwenza amagqabi kuzindawo zokuhlola ukuvuleka kwezimali. Kune namanye amagqabi apho aqoshwe kuzindawo zokusebenza futhi aqale ngokuphelele. Angasebenziswe ukwenza amanye amaqondana amancane angena ngokuphelele kakhulu, njengokwenza amagqabi kuzindawo ezincane zokusebenza ngemifanekiso yezinhlanganisela.
Imachini yokudila ezindleleni zinamandla mengaka futhi zinezindlela zokudila eziphezulu, zikwazi ukwenza amasebenzi okudila anediyamitha eziphezulu nezinkomba eziningi. Zihlanganiswa kakhulu kumaphakathi wokuvulindlela, isibonelo, xa kudilwa amakhombe aphakathi ngenhlangano yezindawo zokuvula. Ngaphezulu kwalokho, kukhona amachini okudila owusebenzisa ngokukhawuleza. Lezi zinhlobo zinhlobo zinamandla aphezulu nezinhlelo eziphambene, bese kudilwa ngemigwa ephambili yezindzabubanzi ezilungile ukwenza amasebenzi okudila, ukudilwa kwezimali futhi amanye amasebenzi. Imachini yodila ngayinye inezici zayo zonke futhi inemiphakathi yasendabeni kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomnotho.
2. Imiphakathi Yeqhuma
(1) Ukusebenzisa kungenjalo
Imimandla yokudila iyasebenza ngendlela yokuphawula ngokusebenzisa ngokuhlonishwayo. Ngokuvalela, ngokuthathwa i-machine edilileyo yokudila, isakhiwo sikaqinisekisa ukusebenzisa ngokwemfanelo. Ikhawunti yabantu kakhulu, futhi ukwakhele kwezinyongo zokusebenza kuyahlukile kahle. Abasebenzisi bakwazi ukulondoloza ngumoya ovela kudonga kanye nokudlala i-switch ukwenza imisebenzi yokudila. Azokala ngokukhala noma ngabe besebenzisa lapho kude kakhulu. Ngaphezulu, imimandla engaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zemimandla yokudila zenziwe ngokwenza ukulungisa isantya. Bakwazi ukulungisa isantya sokudilika ngokushintshashintsha ngokuvumelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zematerial yokudila futhi kudinga ukudilika kwezikhala, okwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzisa ngokuhlonishwayo.
Amadivayitha okugcina ebandla ngokuvumelekileya inqumatha yokusebenza eshishwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Abasebenzisi bakhona ukuseta iziqiniso ezifanayo nezilayini kanye nezilayini zokubhuma. Bakhona ukulawulula inqubo yokugcina ngokusebenzisa izinhlayiya noma izithwala eshishwayo. Noma amadivayitha ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu, zinezinhlelo yokulawula efisha. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zokuhamba kanye nezokulayisha kwazo zinhlelwe ngendlela engenakho, okungaba kakhulu nokulayisha iphoyinti yokugcina kwiqhinga lokugcina, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokulungisa futhi ukwenze inqubo yokugcina ibe yinhle kanye neyodwa.
(2) Inhlelo yokulinda amandla
Imimoya yemikhumbi yesikhumbuzo kusukela kuya kuzo izimanyano ezinhle ngokwekile kumisebenzi. Ezinye izikhumbi zokuxhuma zisetyenziswa nezimotore zokusebenza ngokukhulu kwaye zinezindleke zokunciphisa isebenze. Ngokulungisa ubunzima bokunene kwaye ubulokele isisculo semotore, zingakuncipha isebenze xa kuya kusebenza ngokukhulu, kuyakunyusa ixesha lokusebenza kwezibhoteli (ukuba zinokulayisha), okanye kuyakunciphisa ubudlelwane obukhokelelwa ngokulayisha okanye ukutshintsha kwezibhoteli.
Izikhumbi ezininzi zokuxhuma ezisebenzisa itafile kwaye izikhumbi ezikhulu zokuxhuma zinamanyathelo ebandakanyekileyo xa zisebenza. Zingakulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo isebenze ngokwesicelo sekhumbi, ukunciphisa isebenze esiphelileyo ngokuba imotore isebenza ngokukhulu ngexesha elide. Oku kuyakunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza futhi kuyavumelana neendlela zokugcina umntu ngokomoya kwaye kuyakunciphiza izindleko kumakhampeni.
(3) Inqanawe kakhulu
Imimandla yokudila iyaqhubeka ngokukhulu emsakeni wokuzenzakalelayo. Imimandla engqithelwe ngeziqawatha zokulawula ezinezinkolelo. Isibonelo, zingakwazi ukuthola ngokuzenzekelayo ukuthi iphinde yonke iphawu lokudila. Uma iphawu lokudila liphinde liphawu, isisitemu sizokunikeza imibono yekhasi, okuyindlela yokuvumela abasebenzisa ukuthi bacoke iphawu lokudila ngokushesha ukuze bakungabi nokuqiniseka kakhulu kwezintonga nefficiency yokudila.
Izimakhine zokugcina ezinhle hatheeza inqanawa yokugcina ngokuzenzekela. Abasebenzisa kufanele bakhakheze imithambo egcinwe, njengokubukela ubukhulu, ubude bokugcina nokubala kwezindawo okufanele kugcinwe. Emhlabeni wokugcina, kungase kubeke inqanawa yokugcina nokubukeka ubude bokugcina ngokushesha. Uma kukhona ukuchasana, kuzococwa ngokuzenzekela, okuhlela kakhulu ubunzima nokunconywa kwezindleko futhi kwehlise ukusebenza ngokwesicelo.
(4) Ukulungiswa Kungenzeka
Imimandla yokudila nokutholwa kwezinhlekezi zokulungisa. Isakhiwo sawo senziwa ngendlela elula futhi ethakazelwa, futhi ukususa nokunyakaza kwamanye amaqembu ayilula, okuvumela ukucula, ukubheka nokulungisa kwekhasi. Isibonelo, ikhombisa yedoli yedoli engqondweni ingatholwa ngendlela elula, okuvumela ukucula kwezindlekele kanye nezilayili ngaphakathi ukuze kungavumeke ukuthi zingavumele ukusebenza kweqembu elijwayelekile.
Izicathamiwe esemgceni nezicathamiwe zokubhola eziphakathiwe kuzo kunezindlela noma izindlela zokuhola nokulungisa. Abasebenzisi bakwazi ukubheka kahle nokulungisa izicathamiwe zokuxhumana, isisitemu sokulubricate nokanye ngale ndlela, bakhuthaze neyokulungisa izinkinga ezingcono. Ngokudla, izicathamiwe zezinhlayiya zokubhola kuzo kunezinhlobo eziphumelelayo. Uma isicathamiwe kuhlulekile, kungenjalo ukuthola isicathamiwe esifanayo esikutheni, ukuncipha izindleko zokulungisa nezindleko zexesha.
3. Imicado yokusebenzisa izinhloso
Imicelo yokusebenzisa imimandla yokugubhuwa iyinkimbuka elikhulu. Kwisendzini yezokuhlolwa, kungakhetha ukuba yiluphu oluphezulu okanye kumele kugubhuke amagqabi aphakathi ukufaka iipilayini zokugqibela nezimali, imimandla yokugubhuwa ayinakukho. Imimandla yokugubhuwa evela kwindawo, anokugubhula amagqabi aphakathi ngokukhawuleza odinga ukulawulwa ngokuphelele, ukunyusa umqoka ocacileyo kumandla. Imimandla yokugubhuwa eyabelana ngehand engiyokusebenzisa ngokuvumela ukugubhula amagqabi aphakathi ngokuvumela ukufakwa kwemisebenzi emangayo.
Kwisendzini somkiswa nezokwenza, imimandla yokugubhuwa evela kwindawo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza iindlela zokugqibela zazo zonke iindlela zezinto zokwenza, ukunika iindlela zokufakwa ngokucacileyo kumandla. Zingase kugubhule amagqabi aphakathi aneempawu ezahlukileyo, ubukhulu nobude obucacileyo ngokwemigaqo, ukuyibula kakhulu kwaye ukusebenza kwemigca.
Kuhulumeni lwezimala, izinhlobo zokugubhuwa zokuzimala ziqhutywa indima ebalulekile. Ngokuleqeqeswa kwezimala ezikhulu, lezi zinhlobo zokugubhuwa zingasebenza ngokuhambelana nokugubhuwa amagugu okulwa, ukuvumela ukuzimala kwemali, bese kuhlelwa ukusebenza kwemali.
Ngokwesibindi, kuhulumeni lwezokuphazamiseka, izinhlobo zokugubhuwa ezibekwe esikhathini zingumathanga onawo ukugubhuwa amagugu kizinye zizinhlobo ezifanayo njengezinkanye, izindawo zokuthunyelwa, nezinye izindawo zokulandela ukuzithunyelwa kwezilumin ye-lamps, iziqatha, izithunyelwe nezinye, ukuvumela ukuphazamisa izindawo ngendlela efanayo, bese kwenze izindawo zibe ngokuhle nezifiso.
Ekuphileni, izinhlobo zokugubhuwa, ngokushanene nezinhlobo nezinhlelo, zibonise ukusebenza okuphezulu kuhulumeni lwesikhathi ngamanye, futhi yindima ebalulekile yokuvumela ukusebenza ngokuvimba kwezinhlobo eziningi zezimala.
