EN
Ukuphatha kahle kwemisipha yokuqala kuyisibonelo sokuphatha kahle kwemisebenzi emkhakheni wokuhlanganisa, emkhakheni wokusungula noma emkhakheni yezindustria. Uma imisipha iqhubeka ngokungafanele, iziphumo ziyaphanda phansi kwezinto zokusebenza kuphela—izinkampani ziyagcina izinkampani zokusebenza, izindleko zokusebenza ziyakhula, kanye nokuthinteka kokuthunywa kwezinto zokufuna amaqhinga. Izinkampani ezingathemba ukuphatha kahle kwemisipha yokuqala ziyabona ukuthi izindleko zokungasebenzi kuzoba nzima futhi izindleko zokuphatha kuzoba nzima kakhulu kunazo zokuphatha ngokwesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuziqonda ukuthi ukuphatha kahle kwemisipha yokuqala kuyithintana nendlela yokubhala izindleko kuyisibonelo sokuphatha kahle kwemisebenzi yezinkampani ezingathemba ukuthi izinto zokuphatha kuzoba kahle.
Ukuqonda ukuthi kubizwa ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukulungisa amashini okukhishela izinto, kuyisisekelo esikhulu nokuthi kusakhiwe ngokuthi kubhekiswe kuzo izinto ezithile. Ukuphuma kwemishini yokukhishela izinto ngaphandle kokuplanwa kungabangela ukuthi kuhloseke imali engaphezu komilioni wama-dollars ngokungatholakali kwezindlela zokusebenza, izindlela zokulungisa ngokushesha, nokuthenga izinkampani zokulungisa izinto ezingafanele. Ngokwenza inkampani yokulungisa izinto zakho ngokuplanwa, uyakha indawo yezindlela zokuthengiswa ezinamandla, uhlangele isikhathi sokusebenza kwazo, futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi kusebenza ngokuphelele. Le ngculazi ibonisa ukuthi ukulungisa ngokuphelele izinkampani zokukhishela izinto kunciphisa ngqo ukungasebenzi futhi ukuthengiswa kwezinkampani zokulungisa, ngakho-ke kubiza izindlela zokugcina izinto ngokuphelele kwezindawo zakho.
Ukuqonda Ukuthi Indlela Yokuqinisa Iforkeli Ukuvaliwa
Ukuchaza Okungavisiwe Kwemishini Yokukhishela Izinto Ngaphandle Kokuplanwa
Ukungafakwa kwezilitha zokusebenza kuyenza izinkinga zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene okungahleli ekhaya lokugcina amathuba. Uma izilitha ezinkulu ziyagcina ngokuphambuka, ukususa amasethingi ayekhala phansi noma ayekhala, kubangela ukuthi kubhekana nokuthinteka kwemisebenzi yokuthola, ukugcina, nokuthumela. Izilitha ezingavumelekiyo aza kususa amaphelethi, akalwazi ukulayisha amakhombe, noma ukuvikela amasethingi, kubangela ukuthi izinkambo zezilitha ezinye zizofuna ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi abantu baza kuzwela ubufudlela. Ukubiza umsebenzisi wokulungisa ngokushesha kuyasebenzisa imali enkulu, izindleko zokufunda ukuthi yini okungafanele kuyadlula ngokushesha, futhi iziparti zokubuyisela kuzodinga ukuthumelwa ngokushesha. Ikhanda lemalini yokuqhubeka kokungafakwa kwezilitha kuyaphila $500 ku-$2,000 kusukela kusuku sokungafakwa kanye nokuthinta kwezilungiso.
Ukuthi Ukulungisa Izilitha Kuhlinza Izindleko Zokuthinteka
Ukuphatha isikhathi sokugcina izilwane zokusebenza kusobala ngendlela eyodwa yokubhekisa kwezindlela zokugcina ezisemthwakweni. Uma ukugcina kufakwa kusikhathi sokusebenza okuncane, abasebenzi bakugcina bafunda ukuthi izilwane ziyadlula noma ziyathola ukungafani kahle kabusha, futhi bafuna ukuzibeka kabusha ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke ukungafani okukhulu. Ukubheka izilwane zokusebenza ngokuthekelwa kusobala kungabona ukuthi isilwane sesihlangu sasemphakathi sithola, okudinga amadollar angu-150 ukubuyisela kusikhathi sokugcina esifakelwe, futhi kubhekise ukuthi ukugcina okungafani kahle kungadinga amadollar angu-1500 futhi kubhekise ukuthi kungadinga iminyaka emibili yokungasebenzi. Le ndlela yokugcina iyakhuthaza ukuthi ukuphatha izilwane zokusebenza akuyi indawo yokuthinteka kodwa yinkambo yokuthinta ukuthi izilwane ziyatholakala ngokuvamile futhi ukuthi ukusebenza kuyatholakala ngokuvamile. Amasiteki afana nezilwane zokusebenza ezingenwe ngokuthakazelwa kubonisa ukuthi ukungasebenzi kungaphezu kwe-40% ku-60% ngaphansi kwesikhathi sokugcina esingekho kusobala ngokuthakazelwa.
Izindlela zokugcina eziphakeme okuzoba kunciphisa izindleko zokugcina izilwane zokusebenza
Izindlela zokubheka izilwane zokusebenza zezinsuku zonke nezizwe zonke
Ukubhala izibonelo zokuzilungisa izihlathi zokusebenza ngosuku ngasinye kuyisibonelo esiphambili sokuvikela isihlathi kusobala kwezinkinga zokusebenza futhi kuyinkululeko yezindlela zokuzilungisa ezinamandla. Ngaphambi kokushaya kwesikhathi, abasebenzi kufanele bakhombise amaqhina, bahlalele imithwalo yezinyawo, bavumile ukuthi izibhambo ziyasebenza ngendlela efanele, futhi bahlalele isihlathi nesibhakabhaka sezindawo zokuhlanganisa ukubona izinkinga eziyisibonelo. Lezi zikhathi zemizuzu emishumi ayikho ukuthi zibe yimfihlo kodwa zibona izinkinga eziyadlula uma ziyabhekwa kuqala lapho zingafani kubeki kubiza izindlela zokuzilungisa. Ukuzilungisa izihlathi ngoweSonto kufanele kubhekele kabanzi izihlathi zokuphatha amaqhina, izinqamuzi zokusebenza kwelekthrikhi, izilayiti, futhi izichaini. Ukubhala lezi zibonelo zokuzilungisa kwi-log yezilungiselelo kwenza isibonelo esibalulekile sokubhala okusiza abatekwisi ukubona izindlela futhi bakwazi ukubhabha lapho izihlathi ezinkulu ziyakudinga ukuguqulwa noma ukuzilungisa kabusha.
Amathuluzi Okuzilungisa Okuqondene Nokuthi Akukho Mkhawulo Wokuzilungisa Futhi Izivikelelo Zabo Zokufuna Imali
Ukwenza umlando wokusebenzisa izikhala zokuphatha izikhala zokugcina kusiza ukuthi ukusebenzisa kwenziwe ngemikhumbuzo emihle, kungafanele sisho isibonelo sokubona. Abasithunywa abaningi bakhozela ukuthi amaphetha ayichazwe ngemizuzu yokuqhubeka 500, ukuguqula amaphetha ngemizuzu yokuqhubeka 1,000, nokuhlola kakhulu izikhala zokugcina ngemizuzu yokuqhubeka 2,000 noma ngomnyaka ngamnyaka. Le mikhumbuzo yokugcina izikhala zokugcina kusiza ukukhathazeka kwamaphetha, ukunciphisa ukugcina kwezinye iziqephu, futhi kusiza abasithunywa ukuguqula iziqephu kabefore ukuthi baphile. Ukulandela umlando wokusebenzisa okuqondiswe ngabasithunywa kusiza ukuthi ukugcina kwenziwe ngokuthula ngokulingana ne-30% ukuze 50% kungcono kunezinkokhelo zokugcina ngokushesha ezinokuthi zibe yizinkinga zokugcina. Izikhala zokugcina ezenziwa ngokuphathelene nokulandela umlando wokusebenzisa zilungiselela ukuthi zibe yizinkinga zokuthengiswa kabusha, okusiza ukuthi ukugcina kwenziwe ngokuthula uma izikhala zokugcina ziyidinga ukuguqulwa noma ukuthuthukiswa.
Ukuphatha Ngokwemvelo Izikhala Zokugcina Ukunciphisa Ukungasebenzi
Ukuthuthukisa Ukuphatha Kwamakhaya Ne-Ukuplanisa Ngokwemvelo Umkhawulo
Amasayensi okusebenzisa amaforklift angaphezu kwezimbili abenefitha ukuthi bakhubazekile ngokuthi isibonelo sika-forklift sikhombisa indlela yokuxhumana kanye noma ngamashumi ayisibili. Ngokugcina iforklift yokuqala yokubhakupha ngasemunye kwezishumi ezintathu zokusebenza, uyakha umkhawulo wokuthi ubhakupha ukusebenza kweminye yezifundo zokuzivikela ngaphandle kokukhula kwezinhlangano. Ukufaka iforklift ngendlela ethembekile ekhombisa ukuthi izinhlangano eziphambili ziyasebenza ngokuphelele nakulapho kusenziwa ukuzivikela ngokuphathelene nokuthi kuyasebenza. Isoftware yokuzivikela ngokwesibonelo sijabula izikhathi zokusebenza kwe-forklift, isikhathi sokusebenza komphathi, nokuthi kuyasebenza njani ukuze sibone ukuthi kufanele sivikele lapho kungase kubhekisekile. Lokhu kuguqulela ukuzivikela kwe-forklift kusukela ekutheni kuyasebenza ngokuvikela ngokushesha kuya kuthi kuyasebenza ngokuvikela ngokuphambili, kube kungenza ukuthi abasebenzi bakuzivikela bavikele ngokuphambili ngalapho kusenziwa ukuzivikela ngalapho kungase kubhekisekile kakhulu.
Ukufundisa nokuthi kufanele kubhekiselwe kumsebenzi wokusebenzisa iforklift
Ukufunda kuka-Operator kubonakala njengokuthi kuyisibalo esingasiziwa ngempela sokunciphisa ukugwema kwe-forklift nokuphakamisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwakho. Aba-operators abazi ukuthi kufanele baphinde ngokuphelele, bakhethise isikhathi esifanele sokuhamba, nokwenza ukuthi ukuthintana kwezinye izinto kubhekene ngezinye zizoba yinkimbinkimbi encane kwezinhlobo zezinto ezihlukene nezinhlobo zezinto zokusebenza. Uma aba-operators bazazi ukuthi izindlela zokuhamba kwabo ziyathinta ngokuphelele izindlela zokulungisa nezinkinga zokungasebenzi kwezinye izinto, ukuzinikela kuzoba kubhekene ngezinye izinto. Amadwalha amaningi ayasebenzisa inkqubo yokunika izinkampani zaba-operators zeforklift okuyizinkampani ezinika izinkampani zokungasebenzi kwezinye izinto, okuyenza ukuthi abantu bakhuluma ngokuthi kuyisibalo sokulungisa izinto. Aba-operators abafundwe kahle bafuna ukuthi baya kubhekene ngezinye izinto njengokuthi baya kubhekene ngezinye izinto okuyizinye izinto ezithinta kakhulu kwezinye izinto, bakhumbula izindlela zokuthi kuyizinye izinto ezithinta kakhulu kwezinye izinto okuyizinye izinto ezithinta kakhulu kwezinye izinto.
Ukuqondisa nokuthuthukisa i-ROI yakho yokulungisa i-forklift
Izimboni ezibalulekile ukuthi uqonde ukunciphisa ukungasebenzi kwe-forklift
Ukuvumela imithambo yokuqala iyathula ubukhulu bokubona ukuthi izindlela zokusebenzisa amasimu okususa izinkampani zezinkampani ziyakhuluma ngendlela yokusebenza. Isikhathi esisodwa phakathi kwezinkampani zezinkampani (MTBF) isibalo sesikhathi esisodwa phakathi kweminyaka yokuqonda futhi kufanele isivume kahle ngezindlela zokusebenza. Isikhathi esisodwa sokususa izinkampani zezinkampani (MTTR) isibalo sesikhathi esisodwa sokususa izinkampani ezingavumelekile futhi isibonisa ukuthi izinkampani zezinkampani nezinkampani zezinkampani zezinkampani ziyasebenza kangakanani. Isilinganiso sesilinganiso sezinkampani ezilandelwayo kunazo ezingalandelwayo sibonisa ukuthi izindlela zokuphatha izinkampani ziyasebenza kangakanani. Amaphoyisa athi aya kusuka ku-80% yezinkampani ezingalandelwayo ku-20% yezinkampani ezingalandelwayo ngokugcina isikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphansi kwe-50% abonisa ubukhulu bezindlela zokusebenza zezinkampani zezinkampani.
Ukujabula Imali nokuthuthukisa Ngokuzimisa
Ukufunda okujulile kwezindlela zokuthengisa izinkampani zokuphatha izithombe zokusebenza kusiza ukwenza iziphakamiso ezisemthethweni ngokwesibonelo ngokuguqula izithombe, isikhathi sokubuyisa, nokuthengisa izinto ezintsha. Qhathanisa izindlela zokuthengisa okuzo kuzo izithombe zokusebenza ngezindlela zokuthengisa kwezindustria nezindlela zokuthengisa zakho ngaphansi kwesikhathi esihle ukuze ubone izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza. Uma ukuthengisa kufika kakhulu noma kubonwa ukuthi iziqephu zokugcina ziyagcina ngendlela eyodwa, lezi zimfanelo zikubonisa ukuthi izithombe zokusebenza zizofika ekupheleni kwazo futhi ukubuyisa kuzo kungaba yinkimbinkimbi engaphezulu kokuthengisa kahle kwezinye izinqumo. Ngokuxhuma izindlela zokuthengisa kwezithombe zokusebenza nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokunciphisa ukungasebenzi, uyabuka isibonelo esikhulu sokuthengisa kwezinye izinqumo yokuphatha izithombe. Ukusebenzisa iforkeli ukuhlola izithombe ngokuphathelene nokuphatha izithombe nokubheka izinkampani zokuphatha izithombe ngokuphathelene nokuthengisa kusiza ukuthi umphathi wakho uzophakamisa ngokuphathelene nokuthengisa kanye nokuthengisa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Kuphi isikhathi esifanayo okufanele izithombe zokusebenza zilohlwe ngakho?
Abaningi ababuyela amashini okuphatha amakhanda akhuluma ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukulungisa ngokuphelele ngemihora yokuqonda emibili ezingu-2,000 noma ngomnyaka wokugcina, lokho okukhulu kahle. Ukuguqula i-oil ne-filters kufanele kwenziwe ngemihora yokuqonda emibili ezingu-500 kuze kube ngu-1,000, futhi ukubona kwezinye zezindawo zokusebenza kufanele kwenziwe ngasinye isikhathi sokusebenza. Isikhala sakho sokulungisa isikhala sokusebenza sisho kusobala ngokwesikhathi esisodwa, ukusebenza kakhulu, nokuthi yisiphi isikhathi sokusebenza.
Ithini imali yokulungisa isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulungisa ngokuphelele?
Ukulungisa isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokushesha kusho kubizwa ngamathathu kuze kube ngu-5 kunezilungiso zokuphelele zokulungisa izinto eziphakathi. Ukulungisa i-oil ngokuphelele kusho kubizwa ngu-$150, kodwa ukulungisa isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokushesha yomkhosi wokusebenza ngokushesha ngokuphatha kwe-oil kusho kubizwa ngaphezu kwe-$3,000. Ukulungisa isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokuphelele kusho kubizwa ngokuvikela ukungasebenzi, ukulungisa ngokushesha, nokuthenga isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokushesha.
Ngakho ukulungisa isikhathi sokuzimisa ngokuphelele kusho kubizwa ngokuvikela isikhathi sokusebenza?
Yebo, ukuphatha isikhathi esifanayo sesithuthi sokugcina kusenza ukuthi isithuthi sisebenze ngeminyaka eyisihlanu uye ku-10 kabanzi. Isithuthi esiphathelwe ngokufanele asizwa ukungahleli kakhulu kwamaphakathi amasosha, kubona ubukhulu obuhle bokuthengiselwa kabusha, futhi akazwanga ukuthi kuzwalela ngokuphambuka kakhulu. Ukuphatha isikhathi esifanayo sesithuthi kusiza ukuthi usilungisele isithuthi sakho sokusebenza futhi kususa ukuthenga kabusha okunzima.