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Ukukhetha isithuli sokubeka kwe- ugandaganda sikuthinta ngqo indlela okuyinto yokusebenza ngayo kwezinhloso zakho zokuhamba kwamanzi. Uma ungcwele amandla, ungcwele amasiko, noma ungcwele izinto ezihamba kusendaweni yezinhloso, isithuli sebhuldoza osikhethile siya kugcina ubukhulu bakho, ukusetshenziswa kwemoto, nokuthintana kwezinhloso zokusebenza. Ukuzazi ukuthi izithuli zebhuldoza ziyasebenza njani futhi ziyasebenza kanjani kuzo zonke izinhloso zokusebenza kuyisisekelo sokuzoba umphathi wezinhloso zokubhala noma umsebenzisi wamathuba okusebenza ukuze uthole ubukhulu obungaphelele nokuphumelela kwezinhloso.
Ibuldozozi elinomkhombiso wokuthiwa kwezinto ezifanele kuyakwenzela ukuthi yisikhundla esihle kakhulu emsebenzini, kunciphisa amahora okusebenza nokunciphisa amahora okusebenza okungafanele. Umkhombiso wokuthiwa kwezinto zonke zika-bulldozer kunezindlela ezahlukene zokusebenza ngokuphathelene nendlela yakho yokususa umhlaba, imithwalo yamaphansi, nokuthi kufanele kube yini emsebenzini. Le ngculazi ibhekisele emikhombisweni emibili yama-bulldozer abadala manje, indlela abayikwenza ngayo ukuthi usebenze kahle, nokuthi kufanele kubhekwe ntoni xa uyakhetha isikhundla esihle kakhulu kumsebenzi wakho.
Isikhundla sokuthiwa kwezinto sokuthiwa kwezinto esihle
Ukudesigna nokusebenza kwezikhundla zama-bulldozer
Iblayidi esihlanyeni esinye yisibonelo esikhulu kakhulu sesibhuludhoza esifound kulezi zindawo zokusebenza ezizweni zonke. Le sibhuludhoza siblade isibhuludhoza sisebenzisa iblayidi engenakukhathala, esihlanyeni esihlanyeni, esibhuludhoza ngaphandle kwezindawo zokuhamba kwesibhuludhoza. Uma umsebenzisi wosibhuludhoza uqhubeka nesibhuludhoza esihlanyeni, izinto ziyatshushwa ngqo phambili ngomlando omnye, okuyenza le sibhuludhoza isifanele ukuthusha izinto ezingenakukhathala njengezithelo, izandla, nezincwadi kuzindawo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ubunzima besibhuludhoza esihlanyeni kusiza ukuthi kunezinkampani zezinhlobo zokugcina amaqhina amaningi kanye nezinhlobo zokusebenza ezingenakukhathala, okuyenza ukuthi kunezindleko ezingenakukhathala zokugcina futhi kubhekise kubunzima obungcono kulezi zindawo zokusebenza ezingenakukhathala.
Ukuchaza kwezindleko zokusebenza nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo
Ukuhlela kwezindlela zokusebenza ngeblayidi yebuldoza eyisisekelo kubuyisa kakhulu xa kusebenziswa ngemithombo ethile futhi ngezimo zomhlaba ozilinganiselwe. Ibuldoza eneblayidi engaphambili iyasebenza kahle kuzindlela zokupusha emuva kwezindawo eziningi, lapho kudingeka ukuthi kwenziwe umthelela wokupusha okukhulu ukuze kuhambiswe iziqondiso ezinkulu zemithombo. Umthwalo wokupusha wokugcina ubudlelwano obuhle ngokuphambuka kwesikhathi sokusebenza, okususa isikhathi esidingekayo sokugcina ngalokho isikhathi sokuphuma ngalokho isikhathi sokuphuma. Amathimba okwakha amasipho asebenzisa i-buldoza eneblayidi leyo ngokujwayelekile ekususeni kwemithombo, ekuphakanyiseni kwemithombo yezindlela, nokwakha kwezindawo zokusebenza njengoko kuyisifundo esisodwa sokuhambisa imithombo.
Amathuba Okusebenza Weblayidi Ekhona Ngokuphambuka
Ukuphatha Kwemithambo Nezindlela Zokufaka Kweblayidi
Iblayidi yokuqondisa i-bulldozer ingaqhubekeka kude kwezinsuku zokuphakama ngamahlanu amashumi amabili namashumi amabili, kubiza umsebenzisi wokuqondisa ukuthi abeke imithwalo ngaphansi kwezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kokuthi bakhokelela ngaphezu kwesibini. Lokhu kubeka ubukhulu bekuqondisa ngokuphelele ekusakazeni nokuhambisana kwezinto. Uma iblayidi yokuqondisa i-bulldozer iqondiswa ngokuphelele, ilithola ukuthi isebenza ngokusha izinkomo, isebenza ngokugcina izinto ngaphansi kwezinye izikhathi, nokuthi isebenza ngokuthintela ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwezinye izikhathi ngaphandle kokuthi isebenze futhi. Ukuthintela ngokusebenzisa i-hydraulic kweblayidi yokuqondisa kubiza ukuthi umsebenzisi angathintela indawo yebelayidi ngaphandle kokuthi ahambe umkhakha wonke, okuyisisekelo esikhulu sokuthintela ngokuphelele emaphakathini akhethekileyo.
Ukuzimela nokubala kwezinhlobo zokusebenza
Ukuhambisana kwezinqamuzi zokubulawula ezihlukanayo kuyakubeka phakathi kwemisebenzi yakho yonke ngoba kufuneka kwenziwe amaphuzu amancane ukugcina isebenza esifanayo. Ibulldozer enesiqhamo sesiqhamo esihlukanayo inokubulawula isandla ngokuphelele ngokuthintana isiqhamo esihlukanayo kusendleleni yokusebenza, ngakho-ke akafuni ukwenza amaphuzu amaningi angaphansi kwezinqamuzi zokubulawula ezihlukanayo. Imboni yezindlela zokusebenza kwezindawo zokwakha izibonakaliso eziphathelene nokugcina isikhathi sokusebenza ngokuphelele ngokuphela 15–25% ngaphansi kokusebenza kwezinqamuzi zokubulawula ezihlukanayo ngaphansi kokusebenza kwezinqamuzi zokubulawula ezihlukanayo kumasebenzi okubulawula okuhle. Abasebenzi bafunda ukuthi ibulldozer enesiqhamo sokuthintana isiqhamo sibonisa ukuthenga kahle kwezinto, ikakhulu xa kubulawulwa umkhakha okukhanya noma xa kwenziwa amasiko emphakathi yezindawo.
Ukusebenzisa kahle kwezinqamuzi zokubulawula zesi-Semi-U nezinqamuzi zokubulawula ze-U
Ukugcina kwezinto eziningi kakhulu
Izindlela zokwakha izibhuludhozi zesithili sezemi-U nezibhuludhozi zesithili se-U ziyasemthethweni izibhuludhozi ezinamaphepha amathathu okungathi ayisemthethweni kubhuludhozi, okuyenza ukuthi kwenziwe indawo eyakhiwa ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi ezingena ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekugcineni izibhuludhozi ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi kusukela emva kwezibhuludhozi. Ibhuludhozi enesithili se-U inokuphambuka ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi kusukela emva kwezibhuludhozi ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi kusukela emva kwezibhuludhozi, ngoba izibhuludhozi ziyabulawa izibhuludhozi ngokuphambuka kwezibhuludhozi. Ukugcina izibhuludhozi kule ndlela yezibhuludhozi kusiza kakhulu emaphakathini amaningi, emaphakathini amaningi, nokusebenza kusukela emva kwezibhuludhozi kusukela emva kwezibhuludhozi.
Ukuvutha Kwemisebenzi Nezenzo Zokusebenza
Umbhalo wokugcina umfanekiso wokubhuludhozwa okwakhiwe ngokufanayo ne-"U" ubonisa ukuthi kunezindlela ezincane zokucleansa futhi kuncane ukuthi kunezinto eziyisikhwama ezizofakwa emuva. Umbhalo wokubhuludhozwa owakhiwe ngokufanayo ne-"U" ubonisa ukuthi kunezindlela ezincane zokusebenza ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke abasebenzi bafinyelela izinkomba zokuhambisa izinto ngemikhumbu encane. Kuma-projekthi amakhulu okuhambisa izinto emhlabeni, uma kubhuludhozwa izinto ezinkulu, umbhalo wokubhuludhozwa owakhiwe ngokufanayo ne-"U" unokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphela kweprojekthi ngamaphuzu angu-20 ku-35 ngokulingana noma kubhuludhozwa ngokwesibonelo. Abamanageri basebenzi bavuma ukuthi uma umbhalo wokubhuludhozwa owakhiwe ngokufanayo ne-"U" ubonisa ukuthi kuncane ukuthi kuzobhuludhozwa izinto ngaphandle, ukucleansa kwesayithi kusenza kusha, futhi isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemithombo yezinto esebenzisa ukusweepa nokuhlela izinto kuncane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela yokwakha umbhalo wokubhuludhozwa ibonisa ukuthi iyisisekelo esihle kakhulu ekwenzeni kwezindawo zokugcina futhi ekwenzeni kwezindawo zokugcina okugcina, lapho ukuthi izinto ziyatholakala ngokuphelele kuyaphatha ubukhulu baprojekthi.
Izinkinga zokusebenza zokukhetha umbhalo
Izimo zesayithi nokuthi yini izinto ezizokusebenza
Ukukhetha isibhali sezinkundla esihle kufuneka kwenziwe ngokujabulisa kakhulu imithombo yendawo yokusebenza yakho nezinkambu zokusebenza. Izinkundla ezinkulu nezinkundla zokubhala kungasiza kusula izinkundla ezingenakwazi ukubhala ngokuphelele, futhi kungaba yinkundla yezinkundla esihle noma kungasebenzi kahle kakhulu. Umsebenzisi wezinkundla osebenzayo emanzini amanzi kakhulu noma emazini okuhlanganisa kungafuna ukubhala ngokuphelele ukuze abe nempilo yezinkundla, ngakho kungaba yinkundla yezinkundla eyodwa kunezinkundla zezinkundla zokubhala ngokuphelele. Ukuguqula kweminyaka kuvumela ukukhetha izinkundla zezinkundla ngoba umhlaba owenziwe ngamandla awusiza kakhulu kumaqanda wokubhala, futhi inkundla oyikhethile kufanele ikhathalela lezinkambu zokusebenza ngaphandle kokugcina ubude bokusebenza kwemithombo.
Ukuthengisa imithombo nokuphatha
Ukukhokha kwempahla yokuqala kanye nokuthengiswa kwezindlela zokusebenza kuzoba ngokupheleleyo ukuthengiswa kwezindlela zokusebenza, okubonakala kakhulu ngokwahlukaniswa kwezindlela zokusebenza. Iblaydi yebhuludhoza esihlukene isenza ukuthengiswa kwezindlela zokusebenza kubizwa ngokungafanele ngokuhlakanipha kwayo, ngakho-ke iblaydi yebhuludhoza eyahlukene noma eyishumi kufuneka kusetyenziswe izinhlangano zezibhamu zokugcina nezinhlangano zokuhlela izinto ngokuphakeme. Ithimba lakho lokuphatha izinkampani kufanele libheke ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezindlela zokusebenza kuyakwenzela ukuthi izinkampani ziyasebenza kahle kakhulu noma akukho mlando wokuthengiswa kwezindlela zokusebenza kanye nokuthengiswa kwezinto zokusebenza. Kuma-kontraktor abaphatha amabhuludhoza amaningi emaphakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza ezahlukene, ukuphatha izindlela zokusebenza ezipheleleyo kwebhuludhoza kunciphisa izinto zokusebenza kanye nokuvumela abasebenzi bakhokhe phakathi kwezinkampani ngokushesha.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Iblaydi yebhuludhoza yini eyathola ukuthengiswa kwezinto kahle kakhulu kuma-dista-nsi amaningi?
Iblayidi yebhuludhoza yesitrikthi isihlwayo esikhulu kakhulu kumaqondolo emandla ngokupheleleyo ngoba isakhiwo sayo sasemthwakweni sivumela ukuthi kwenziwe amandla okupusha okukhulu ngaphandle kokuguqula indlela. Kepha, iblayidi yebhuludhoza eyishumi (U-shaped) isenza isikhundla esikhulu kakhulu uma kubhekwa ukuthi kuyatholakala kanjani umfanekiso wamanzi futhi kugcinwa ukuthi kuzohlanzwa. Ibhuludhoza enesibonelo esithile noma esineye isifundo singasebenza ngokufanayo kumaqondolo emandla kusukela emlandweni, kodwa isibonelo sesitrikthi sisebenza kakhulu ngokupusha ngokushesha, ngakho-ke isibonelo sesi-U sibeka isikhundla sokuthola.
Ngaba umsebenzisi angagcina phakathi kwamablayidi amabili webhuludhoza ngokushesha?
Izindlela zokwakha zezibhuludhoza zasezintandweni zisiza ekuthwalwa kwezinkambo zokuguqula ngokukhawuleza okuzosiza ukubambisana nokususa izinkambo ezihlukahlukene zezinkambo ngaphandle kokufaka kabusha kakhulu. Kodwa, ukuguqula isimo sezinkambo zezibhuludhoza kusobala kufuneka ukuvalela imishini futhi ukwenza izilungiselelo zezinhlobo zemithambo, okuyadinga amaminithi angu-30 ku-60 ngokwesikhathi esihlanganisa imishini.
Ukuchaza ukuthi isimo sezinkambo siphinda kuphi ukuthenga kwemishini yezibhuludhoza nokuthenga kwemishini?
Iblayidi yomkhweba wesikhathi esingqayileyo kusayina isifueli esincane ngalinye lezinto ezihambisana ngoba indlela yokwakha iyinkimbinkimbi futhi iyaphula umthelela wokusebenza kwe-hydraulic nezinkinga zokusebenza. Izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, njengezinye ezihlukene noma eziyishumi, zidinga ukusebenzisa kahle kwe-hydraulic nokuhamba kwemithambo yokuqondisa, okuphakanyisa isifueli esihambisana ngamahora. Kodwa, xa kubhekwa ukuthenga kwezindlela zokusebenza ngalinye lezinto ezihambisana, izinhlobo zebulldozer eziphelele kusayina izindlela ezincane ngoba ziqeda izinkinga ngemikhala encane, okuphakanyisa isifueli esihambisana ngamahora kodwa okuphakanyisa ukushaya kwezikhathi zokuhamba ngokushesha kakhulu.