Yini okufanele kwenziwe ngosuku wonke ukuzinikela i-excavator?

Umsebenzi wokuhlanza ngemini ngokuphelele kwezinkampani zokukhishwa kuyisibonelo sokusebenza kahle kwemikhawulo, ukusebenza ngokunconywa imali, nokuphakama kwemikhawulo. Umsebenzisi wokukhishwa noma umphathi wendawo kufanele abe nombono wokuthi izinspection ezihlanza ngemini nezinhlangano zokuhlanza ngokuphelele ziyathinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle, ubuciko, nokuthintana kwezimali yokuqhubeka ngokuphelele. Izimemo zokuhlanza kwezinkampani zokukhishwa zazihamba kusukela kuzo zizigaba, izindlela zokusebenza ezitholakala ngokwemboni okuphakeme ekuthintaneni iziphelo ezingcono ngaphandle kokuthintana kwezimali eziningi ngaphandle kokuthintana nokusebenza kahle kwezindlela zokubanga, ukukhishwa, nokubanga kwezindawo zokubanga.

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okubizwa ngokuthi isimo esihle sokuhlinzeka kwe-excvator ngemini kufuna ukuzwela izimboni zokuhlola ezifunekayo nokuphatha okwenza ngokuphambuka okwenza ngabasebenzi abanomlando wokusebenza. Ukukhulu kwezinhlobo zezindawo zokuhlola, izinkampani zemoto, izindawo zokugcina, nezindawo zokugcina kufuna ukuzwela ukubhekana ngokuvamile nesikhombisa sokuhlola esithile sokuhlinzeka okuxhumana ngqo nokusebenza kahle nokulandela izimboni zokuphepha.

Isimboni Esifunekayo Phambi Kokusebenza

Izindlela Zokuhlola Kwezinto Ngokubona

Ukugcinwa komshini wokumba nsuku zonke kuqala ngokuhlolwa okuphelele okubonisa isimo sangaphandle somshini, ukuqina kwesakhiwo nesimo sezingxenye ezibonakalayo. Abasebenza kulo mshini kufanele bawuzungeze wonke, bahlole ukuthi awukho yini umswakama ohamba emanzini, umonakalo owenziwe isakhiwo, amabhuloho ahlulekile, ama-weld aqhekekile, nanoma iziphi izimpawu zokugqoka ngokweqile kwezingxenye ezibalulekile. Lokhu kuhlolwa okubonakalayo kunikeza ukuqonda ngokushesha ngezinkinga ezingase zithinte ukuphepha noma ukusebenza kahle ngesikhathi somsebenzi.

Abasebenzisi babo bokusebenza kwe-excavator abaqinisekileyo bazi ukuthi izibonelo zokubona zingaphansi kokubona kwezinye izinto, kodwa zingahlinzeka ngokujulile izihlangu zemithambo, izihlangu zemithambo, izihlangu zemithambo, nezinye izinqakamba zemithambo zokugcina ukusobala nokubona kwezinhlobo zokugcina. Umthetho wokubona kufanele wahlalele isikhumba, isihlangu, nesihlangu sokubhukha ukubona ukuthi izihlangu zemithambo ziyisisekelo, izihlangu zemithambo ziyisisekelo, nokubona ukuthi izihlangu zemithambo ziyisisekelo. Lezi zibonelo zokubona zingahlinzeka ngamazimini amashumi ayisikhombisa noma amashumi ayisibili kodwa zikhindela amahora amaningi okungasebenzi futhi nokuhlukaniswa kwesikhundla sokuphepha.

Ukuvumela Kwemiphumela Yomlando Nokuchaza

Ukuchekwa kwesikhathi sobusuku kwezinkqubo zokugcina izinkampani zokuphatha kubalulekile kakhulu futhi kubangela ukuthi izinkampani zokuphatha ziyasebenza ngokuphelele, ukuthi izinqakamba ziyadlula isikhathi eside, nokuthi umsebenzi wokusebenza uyisafane. Lokhu kufanele kuchazwe ukuchekwa kwesilinganiso sesithelo se-engine ngokusebenzisa indiza yokuqondisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilinganiso sesithelo siyaphansi kwemigomo eyatholakala ngokwesifundo sokwenza izinkampani, futhi ukujabula umbala nesilinganiso sesithelo ukuze ubone amasignali okuthi sithelo siyagcinwa. Isilinganiso sesithelo se-hydraulic sifanele kuchazwe ngokufanayo, nokuthi abasebenzi bacheke isilinganiso sesithelo esikhiqizini futhi bahlombe umbala wesithelo ukuze babone amasignali okuthi inkampani iyagcinwa noma iyahlanza.

Ukuchekwa kwesikhathi sokugcina isithelo sokuchaza kufune ukuthi isilinganiso sesithelo siyachazwe ngokuphelele esiradhiyetheni nasekhhiqizini lokugcina isithelo, ukujabula umbala nesilinganiso sesithelo, nokuchekwa kwezinyathelo zokugcinwa noma ukuthi isithelo siyahlaza chemically. Ukuchekwa kwezilinganiso zesithelo sokufaka kuyinika isibonelo sokuthi kunezinto ezifanele ukusebenza ngazo kusasa, futhi kuyinika izindlela zokuchekwa kwezilinganiso zesithelo futhi kuyinika izindlela zokubona amasignali okuthi isithelo siyagcinwa. Lezi zinkampani zokugcina izinkampani zokuphatha ziyisibonelo sokuthi izinkampani ziyasebenza ngokuphelele i-Excavator ukusebenza kanye nokuvikela ukungafani kwezinqakathi ezinokuthabatha imali.

Ukuzimisela Kwemithambo Yokusebenza Okuphambili

Ukubonisa Ukusebenza Kwesistimu Yesilika

Ukuzimisela kwesistimu yesilika ngosuku sonke kusiza ukuthi izinkulungwane zokusebenza zezibhokisi ziyasebenza ngendlela efanele kanye nokubona izinkinga eziqhubeka phambili kabefore zithabatha ukusebenza. Umthambo wokuzimisela uqala ngokuthatha isikhathi sokuvula umoto, okusiza ukuthi isilika sifike ekuphepheleni kwakho kwezinsimbi ngaphandle kokujabula amandla okusebenza kanye nokushayela amazwi okuthi kunezinkinga ezingenakho kwezinqakathi noma ukungasebenza kahle. Abasebenzi kufanele bakhetha ngokuphathelene nokuzimisela ukuthi izinkulungwane zokuthanda nokuthula, ukuthanda nokuhamba kwezincwadi, nokuthanda nokuhamba kwebhokisi ukubona ukuthi zisebenza ngendlela efanele kanye nokuthi kunezimali ezifanele.

Ukugcinwa kwe-excavator okuphambili kuhlanganisa ukuhlola isikhathi sokuphendula kwe-hydraulic, ukuhlola izimpendulo zokuhamba ezibambezelekile noma ezihamba kancane ezibonisa ukugqwala kwepompo okungenzeka, ukungcola kwesihlungi, noma izinkinga zokuwohloka koketshezi. Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kufanele futhi kuqinisekise ukuguquguquka komsebenzi wokushintshana, ukuphendula kwe-track drive, nokusebenza kwesekethe elisizayo le-hydraulic uma ifakwe. Lezi zivivinyo zesistimu ye-hydraulic zinikeza impendulo esheshayo mayelana nokulungela ukusebenza kwe-excavator futhi zisiza opharetha ukuba babone izidingo zesondlo ngaphambi kokuba zithinte umkhiqizo.

Ukubuyekezwa Kwesistimu Yokuqapha Ukusebenza Kwenjini

Ukucinga kwezinkulungwane zomoto ngeminyaka yokuqondisa izinqumo zokusebenza kuyisisekelo sokubona ukuthi umoto uyasebenza njani futhi uyayikhula njani. Lokhu kususwa ngokubona umoto xa kususwa kusukela emhlabathini, kubonwa ispeed yokususwa kwezinkulungwane, ukuvutha kwezinkulungwane ngokushesha, nokubona izinkinga zokusebenza kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezinokubonisa ukuthi ibhayithi iyasebenza njani, ukuthi isistimu yamafutha iyasebenza njani, noma ukuthi kunezinkinga zokusebenza kwezinkulungwane. Abasebenzi kufanele babone ukuthi umoto uyavutha njani xa uyavutha kusukela emhlabathini, babone umbono wamafutha okuphuma kwezinkulungwane, futhi babhekele amazwi angavuthi njani okubonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga zokusebenza.

Amashini e-excavator amasha amahle aqondisa izindikimba zokujabulisa ezinkulu okunikeza imininingwane yezinsizakalo ngokushesha, izinqumo, nezindlela zokusebenza. Izinhlangano zokuphatha izinsizakalo ngosuku sonke kufanele zifunde izindikimba zokuvavanya, ukubheka amakhodi okuchaza ingozi, nokubheka ukuthi izinto zonke zisebenza ngokulingana nezidingo zomthengisi. Lokhu kucaphuna kokuvavanya ukusebenza kwamashini kusiza ekuboneni kwaningi ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukuphatha izinsizakalo futhi kungavimbi ukugcina okukhulu okubangela ukungasebenzi kwezinsizakalo ngeminyaka futhi ukuphatha okuningi.

Ukuphatha izinsizakalo zempandulo nezinsizakalo zokuhamba

Ukuzenzela isikhundla sokuhamba nokubheka

Ukuphatha kahle ukuthintana kwe-tracks kuyisimo esisodwa kakhulu sokulandela isikhathi sokusebenza kwe-excavator, kubhekisa ngqo ubukhulu bekho, ubude bokusebenza kwemithombo, nokusebenza kahle kwesikhathi sokusebenza. Isikhathi sokusebenza ngasinye sifuna ukuthatha ukuthintana kwe-tracks ngokusebenzisa imikhiwane yomthunywa wokusebenza, okunjalo kuyisikhathi sokuthatha ukuthintana kwe-tracks kusendaweni yamadlingo phakathi kwe-sprocket yokuhamba ne-idler yokuqala. Ukuthintana kwe-tracks okuphelele kunezinkinga zokuthumela amandla kahle, kunciphisa ukuthwasa kakhulu kwezinto zokuhamba, futhi kugcina ukuthintana kwezinhlobo zokusebenza kahle ngasinye.

Izimboni zokuhlola izihlathi ziyagcina kusukela ekulungiseni ukuphakanyiswa kwezihlathi kuya kufaka isibonelo eside sokuhlola imiphumela yezihlathi, ukuchaza amashele, amaphutha, amabholthi angavunywa, noma ukuphatha kakhulu okungahlinzeka ukuthi kubhekise umkhawulo noma kwenze izihlathi zihlale ngokungafanele ngemisebenzi. Abasebenzi kufanele bahlone amalinki wezihlathi ukubona ukuthi abanekulubhumbe kahle, ukuphakanyiswa kakhulu, noma izinyathelo zokuphatha okuzoba kubonisa ukuthi kufanele zilishwe. Ukohlola kwesikhundla esincashe kufaka ukuchaza amasprokheti okuhamba, amaidla, nokuhlola imiphumela yamazinkolo ukubona izinhlobo zokuphatha noma izivuthi okuyoba kuthinta umbono wokusebenza kwezihlathi.

Ukubhumba Kwesikhundla Esincashe

Ukulubrikisha kusuku kwamaphakathi okugcina umsindo kuyasekela ukusebenza kahle kwezinkulungwane, kunciphisa ukugqibela okuthi kufana nokugqibela kwezinkulungwane, futhi kusondeza isikhathi sokusebenza kwezinkulungwane zonke ngokusebenza kwezinkulungwane zokuphatha. Umqondo wokulubrikisha kufanele uqondise amapini wezincwadi, amabushings, nezindawo zokuzihlukanisa ngokusebenzisa izilubrikishi ezimelwe yisifundo sokwenza, okuzihlanganisa ngeminyaka eyalwe futhi ngemizani yezilubrikishi. Umqondo wokulubrikisha okuhle uyafuna ukucleansa amafittings wokulubrikisha kabefore ukulubrikisha, ukuvumela ukufika kahle kwezinkulungwane, futhi ukubonisa ukuthi inkulungwane iyasukuma ngokuphelele ukuthi kubhekwe ukulubrikisha okuhle.

Ukulubricathi kwezindawo zokugcina kwe-Excavator kufaka kuqondiswe izinkotha zokugcina, amasiphephu okugcina, nokulubricathi kwamaphelo okugcina okuyidingekile ukuthi kwenziwe ngokuphakeme ukuze kusafiswe ukusebenza kahle nokukhulula ukungasebenzi kabusha. Isikhombisa sokwenza izenzo zokuhlela ngosuku sifuna ukufaka ukubona nokulubricathi kwamaphelo okugcina okweswing, i-boom, i-arm, nokuphinda kwe-bucket okunemiphumela eminingi nokuguqula ngokuphakeme. Ukwenza izenzo zokulubricathi ngokuphakeme kunciphisa izindleko zokuhlela kakhulu ngalokho kusafiswe ukusebenza kahle kwe-Excavator kuzo zonke izindawo zokusebenza.

Ukuvumela kwezinhlobo zokuhlonipha nokubhalwa kwezinhlobo zokuhlonipha

Ukuzimisa kwezinhlobo zokuhlonipha kwe-Operator

Ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke kohlelo lokuphepha kuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto zokuvikela ezisebenza nge-excavator zisebenza kahle futhi zinikeza ukuvikelwa okudingekayo komqhubi ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile nezimo eziphuthumayo. Iprotocol yokuhlola kufanele ifake ukuhlolwa kwamabhande okuphepha nokuhlolwa kokusebenza, ukuqinisekiswa kohlelo lobukhona bomqhubi, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwenqubo yokuvala okuphuthumayo ukuqinisekisa ikhono lokuvala umshini ngokushesha lapho kudingeka. Abasebenza kufanele bahlole zonke izibani eziyisixwayiso, ama-alamu ezwakalayo, nezinhlelo zezinkomba ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwazisa ngokushesha opharetha ngezinkinga ezivelayo.

Ukuhlanzwa kwezinhlelo zokuphepha kwezinkundla zokugcina kubhekisele ku-mechanisms yokuqinisa kwe-hydraulic, izinhlelo zokubiza ukuthi kusale kwe-travel, nokuthi kunezinhlelo zokuphepha ezingaphansi kwamaphakathi amathathu okanye amathathu okuhambisana nesikhundla sokusebenza. Umsebenzi wosuku wonke kufanele ubhekisele ukuthi izinhlelo zokubiza emva, izilumkiso zokuzinga, nezinhlelo zokuxhumana zihlakanipha ngokuphelele ukuze zihlanganise isikhundla sokusebenza ngokuphelele futhi zihlanganise nokuthinteka kwezinhlelo zokuphepha nezinhlelo zezindaba zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zokuphepha zokuhlola zibonisa ukuthi sithandaza ukuphepha kwebhodi yomsebenzi ngokuphelele futhi zihlanganise nokuthinteka kwezinhlelo zokuphepha nezinhlelo zezindaba zokusebenza.

Izidingo Zokubhalwa Kwemibhalo Yekuhlola

Ukudokumenta kahle kwezindlela zokusebenza zomsebenzi wokuphatha izibhamu ngemini kusinika amarekodi amuhle okukhuseleka, ukuchaza ukuthi izibhamu ziyasebenza njani, nokugcina umlando wokusebenza okusiza ekwenzeni kwamadecisheni amuhle yokuphatha. Umsebenzi wokudokumenta kufanele wafake ukubhalwa kahle kwezifundo zonke zokuhlola, ukubala kwezilinganiso zemithambo, imiphumela yezizinda zokuphatha, noma yiziphi izinkulungwane zokuphatha ezisenzekile ngemini. Abasebenzi abaqhakazekile bakhala amarekodi amuhle okubhalwa kwezinto zokusebenza, ukubonisa izinkinga eziphinde zihlola, nokusiza ekuplaneni kokuphatha ngokwesibonelo.

Ukudokumenta okusebenzayo kocingo kufaka isithombe sokubonwa kwezinto eziphambili, ukulandela imbonakalo yezinto ezihlukene, nokuthenga ngokuphelele izikhathi zokusebenza zokucinga ukwenza izenzo zokuhlela ngokuphelele. Izinhlangano zokudokumenta ngendlela ethuluzi zincongela ukudokumenta ngokushesha futhi zinikeza udatha lwedlula olungatholakali ngokushesha okusiza ekubhaleni amabhuku wokugcina, izinkinga zokubhala amabhuku wokugcina, nokuhlola ubunzima bezinkambo zokucinga. Ukudokumenta ngokuphelele kunceda ekuphucukiseni ukusebenza kwencingo ngokuphelele futhi kubonisa izindlela zokuhlela zokusebenza ngokuphelele kubaphathi bokuguqula nokubhala amabhuku wokugcina.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kuphi isikhathi esifanele ukuba sisebenze ngokuphelele ngokudala kwezinhlangano zokuhlela incingo?

Ukugcinwa komshini wokumba nsuku zonke ngokuvamile kudinga imizuzu engu-30 kuya kwengu-45 ukuze kuqedwe kahle, kuye ngosayizi womshini nobunzima bawo. Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kwesikhathi kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokusebenza, ukuhlolwa kwezinga loketshezi, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwesistimu, nemisebenzi eyisisekelo yokuxubha. Abasebenza ngokuzikhandla bangafeza imisebenzi evamile ngokuphumelelayo kodwa bagcine ubuqotho, kodwa ukuphuthuma lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi wokulungisa kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zokugcinwa ezitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwansuku zonke?

Izinkinga zokuphatha okufundwa ngokushesha kuma-inspeksheni wokuzilungiselela amasiko amahlanu ayisifunda kakhulu kuyizinkinga zokuphatha kwe-hydraulic fluid leaks, izinkinga zokuphatha kwe-track tension, ukuthenga kwe-engine oil, izinkinga zokuphatha kwe-coolant level drops, nokuphatha kwe-undercarriage component wear. Izinkinga ezingaphansi zokufundwa kuyizinkinga zokuphatha kwe-bolts ezingafanele, izinkinga zokuphatha kwe-hydraulic hoses ezingadlula, izinkinga zokuphatha kwe-cutting edges ezingadlula, nokuphatha kwe-air filters ezingadlula. Ukufunda kwezi zinkinga ngokushesha ngezinspeksheni zokuzilungiselela amasiko amahlanu ayisifunda kakhulu kusindisa ukungafani kwezinkinga ezinkulu kwezinkinga zokuphatha futhi kunciphisa izinkinga zokuphatha ngokujulile.

Ngabe abasebenzisi bakhwazi ukwenza zonke izinketho zokuzilungiselela amasiko amahlanu ayisifunda kakhulu, noma kunezinye ezingadinga abasebenzisi abaqinisekisiwe?

Abasebenzisi abaqinisekisiwe ngokuphelele bangakwenza izinkomba zezinsuku zonke eziningi kusukela emboniseni okubonwa, ukubheka imiphumela yamafutha, ukulubricate okuphansi, nokuzimisa ukusebenza kwesistimu. Kepha, izinkomba eziphathelene nokuqinisa imithwalo yamaphethi, izinkomba zokuhlola okungahleli, nokuguqula izinto ezingaphezulu zisidinga ubunzima bezinkambo zokusebenza. Abasebenzisi kufanele bazi ubuncinane babo futhi bakhululeka abasebenzi abaqinisekisiwe uma izinkomba zokuhlela ziyaphika indawo eyingaphezulu kwezifundo nabuvumelwano babo.

Ukuchaza kokuhlela kwezinsuku ziyashintsha njani kumaqondiso wokusebenza ahlukenye?

Ukugcinwa kwemishini yokumba nsuku zonke kufanele kulungiswe ezindaweni ezithile zokusebenza, lapho izimo ezinothuli zidinga ukunakekelwa kaningi kwefilimu yomoya, izindawo zasolwandle ezidinga ukuhlolwa kokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe, nezimo zezulu ezibandayo ezidinga izinqubo ezengeziwe zokufudumeza uketshezi. Imisebenzi yokukhiqiza eningi ingadinga ukuhlolwa kaningi nsuku zonke, kuyilapho umsebenzi wokudiliza udinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuqina kwesakhiwo. Izici zemvelo zithonya kakhulu imvamisa yesondlo nezindawo zokugxila ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile komgodi.