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Sinolwazi olunzulu lobuchwepheshe ngemishini esiyithengisayo. Siyaqaphela ukubaluleka kokwakhiwa kwezikhwama eziqinile kanye nomthelela wazo ekusebenzeni nasekuphileni isikhathi eside. Sikhetha imikhiqizo yethu ngesisekelo sobunjiniyela obuhle nezimiso zokuklama eziye zafakazelwa. Sifundisa amaklayenti ethu ukuthi yini eyenza umshini uhlale isikhathi eside, sibasize ukuba bangagcini nje ngokucabanga ngemininingwane ukuze baqonde ikhwalithi yokwakha ezonquma izindleko zabo eziphelele zokuphatha nokwaneliseka kwabo eminyakeni ezayo.
Ukwakhiwa komshini wokulayisha amasondo kuyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokuhlanganisa izinhlelo ezinzima zemishini, ezisebenza ngamanzi nezakhiwo zibe umshini ohlangene, ohlala isikhathi eside futhi osebenza kahle. Akuyona nje inhlanganisela yezingxenye kodwa kuwukuhlela izinto ngendlela yokuthi zonke izingxenye zisebenze ngokuvumelana ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu. Ukuqina kokwakhiwa komthwalo kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuphila isikhathi eside nokwethenjelwa kwawo. Lokhu kungabonwa ngokuhlola ukwakheka kwezinhlelo ezintathu ezibalulekile: Uhlaka lwe-chassis kanye ne-articulation , oku Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-powertrain ne-drive , futhi i Ukuxhuma kweLoader nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Hydraulic .
Isisekelo somshini Uhlaka lwe-chassis kanye ne-articulation . Lokhu akuyona into eyodwa kodwa izakhiwo ezimbili eziyinhloko: uhlaka lwangemuva oluqinile nohlaka lwangaphambili oluqinile ngokulinganayo. Lezi ngokuvamile zakhiwa ngamapuleti ensimbi anamandla amakhulu, ane-alloy encane asikwa, acindezelwe futhi alungiswe abe amalungu esigaba sebhokisi ukuze kufinyelelwe amandla aphezulu ngesisindo esilawulwayo. Ikhwalithi yokushisela ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi amalunga abalulekile avame ukuhlolwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi awonakalisi. Imikhakha emibili ixhunywe Umzimba ohlangene , okuwumsebenzi wobunjiniyela obukhulu. Lesi sihlanganisi siqukethe ipini enkulu yensimbi eqinile efakwa ngaphakathi kwamasongo amakhulu noma amabhokisi asebhande. Lolu hlelo lonke lwenzelwe ukusingatha amandla amakhulu okugoba (ama-torsional) njengoba umshini uhlangana futhi usebenza emhlabathini ongalingani, konke lokhu kuyilapho kunikeza indawo yokuqondisa eguquguqukayo nethembekile. Ukwakhiwa kwalesi sakhiwo kumelwe kukwazi ukumelana nokukhathala kwensimbi phakathi nezinkulungwane zamahora okusebenza, okwenza ukukhetha izinto zokwakha, ukuklama, nekhwalithi yokukhiqiza kubaluleke kakhulu.
U Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-powertrain ne-drive iyisisekelo sokunyakaza namandla omthwalo. Lolu hlelo lwakhiwe njengesiqephu sezakhi ezakhiwe ngamamojula kodwa ezixhumene. Umkhandlu Umkhuhlane Wodieshi ifakwe ezihlukanisweni ukuze kuncishiswe ukudluliselwa kokudlidliza kuhlaka. Ihlanganiswe ngqo ne- Isikhombisi sombhiqo , iyunithi evaliwe edinga ukuqondaniswa ngokunembile ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Umphumela ovela kumakhompiyutha wokuguqula i-torque ufakwa ku- Ukusakazwa Kweplanethi , iqoqo eliyinkimbinkimbi lamagiya nama-clutch agcinwe endaweni enzima. Ukwakhiwa kwesimiso sokudlulisela kugxile ekusakazeni ukushisa nasekhoneni lokuphatha imithwalo yokushaqeka. Kusukela ku-transmission, ama-drive linesaqukethe amashubhu okusebenza kanzima kanye nama-joints jikeleleadlulisela amandla phambili nangemuva Ama-Axis Amaplanethi . Lawa ma-asi ngokwawo angamathuluzi kagesi amancane, aqukethe ama-differential namadrayivu okugcina enza i-torque iphindwe kaningi. I-drive train yonke yakhelwe ukuqina nokwethenjelwa, enezingxenye ezenzelwe ukufinyelela okulula nokulungiswa, njengama-bolt-on drive hubs okugcina angashintshwa ngaphandle kokususa wonke ama-axle.
Umsebenzi we-loader uphathwa yi- Ukuxhuma kweLoader nokuhlanganiswa kwe-Hydraulic . Izingalo zokuxhuma (i-boom ne-bellcrank) ngokuvamile zenziwa nge-plate yensimbi eqinile noma zifakwe ku-alloy enamandla amakhulu ngezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Zixhunywe esakhiweni futhi zixhunywe komunye nomunye ngokusebenzisa izikhonkwane ezinkulu zensimbi eziqinile nezinduku ezenzelwe ukumelana nokugqoka. Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luhlanganiswe ngokuphelele kulesi sakhiwo. Umkhandlu Ama-hydraulic cylinders (ukuphakamisa nokuthambekela) zifakwe phakathi kohlaka nokuxhuma. Lawa amasilinda asebenza kabili anobubanzi obukhulu be-piston ukuze akhiqize amandla adingekayo. Amaphampu e-hydraulic aqhutshwa ngqo enjini futhi afakwa ngamapayipi anezikhwama eziqinisiwe namapayipi wensimbi ebhange lama-valve okulawula, avame ukuhlanganiswa ndawonye "ebhange lama-valve" ukuze kube lula. Lonke uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lwakhelwe ukusebenza ngengcindezi ephezulu (ngokuvamile ngaphezu kuka-5,000 psi) ngokuvuza okuncane. Iphuzu lokuhlanganisa liyibhakede, elixhunywe nge- Isixhumi Esisheshayo indlela evumela ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi ahlukahlukene. Ukwakhiwa kwalesi simiso kugxile ekwandiseni isilinganiso samandla nesisindo, kuqinisekiswe ukunyakaza okuqondile, futhi kube lula ukugcinwa, ngamaphuzu okugcoba (ama-zerks) afakwe ku-pivot ngayinye ukuqinisekisa impilo ende.
